Install Oracle JDK 11 on Linux

Even though OpenJDK is available in Linux repositories, some applications strictly require Oracle Java Development Kit. This article shows you how to manually install Oracle JDK 11 on your Linux system. This article uses JDK 11$java_update_no to demonstrate the installation. In the provided commands, replace the version specific paths and file names according to your downloaded version.

Step 1:

Download the latest JDK(jdk-11$java_update_no_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz) from this official link.
If you want to download to a remote server or if you simply prefer wget, use the command given in this StackOverflow answer: Downloading JDK

Step 2:

Open the terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) and enter the following command.

sudo mkdir /usr/lib/jvm

If the /usr/lib/jvm folder does not exist, this command will create the directory. If you already have this folder, you can ignore this step and move to the next step.

Step 3:

Enter the following command to change the directory.

cd /usr/lib/jvm

Step 4:

Extract the jdk-Xuxx-linux-xXX.tar.gz file in that directory using this command.

sudo tar -xvzf ~/Downloads/jdk-11$java_update_no_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz

According to this command, the JDK filename is jdk-11$java_update_no_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz and which is located in the ~/Downloads folder. If your downloaded file is in any other location, change the command according to your path.

Step 5:

Enter the following command to open the environment variables file.

sudo nano /etc/environment

According to your personal preference, you can choose any text editors instead of nano.

Step 6:

In the opened file, add the following bin folder to the existing PATH variable.

/usr/lib/jvm/$java_version/bin

The PATH variables must be separated by semicolon.

Add the following environment variables at the end of the file.

JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/$java_version"

The environment file before the modification:

PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"

The environment file after the modification:

PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/usr/lib/jvm/$java_version/bin"
JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/$java_version"

Save the changes and close the gedit.

Step 7:

Enter the following commands to inform the Ubuntu about the Java's location. Depending on your JDK version, the paths can be different.

sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/$java_version/bin/java" 0

sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/$java_version/bin/javac" 0

sudo update-alternatives --set java /usr/lib/jvm/$java_version/bin/java

sudo update-alternatives --set javac /usr/lib/jvm/$java_version/bin/javac

Step 8:

To verify the setup enter the following commands and make sure that they print the location of java and javac as you have provided in the previous step.

update-alternatives --list java

update-alternatives --list javac

Step 9:

Restart the computer (or just log-out and login) and open the terminal again.

Step 10:

Enter the following command.

java -version

If you get the installed Java version as the output, you have successfully installed the Oracle JDK in your system.

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